Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 on markets in crypto-assets (MiCA) created a single EU regime for crypto-asset service providers (CASPs). Its CASP rules have applied since 30 December 2024. Authorisation is granted by the national competent authority of the Member State where the company has its registered office and covers the specific crypto-asset services listed in the decision.
An authorised CASP may provide the same services in other Member States, either cross-border or through a branch, by means of a passport notification, without a separate authorisation in each country. Credit institutions, investment firms, electronic money institutions and certain other financial entities may use a notification procedure instead of full authorisation.
All national transitional periods have expired; the latest EU-wide end date was 1 July 2026. In its public statement of 23 June 2026, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) stated that providers without authorisation must wind down in an orderly manner and that non-EU providers may not serve clients in the EU, including business clients. The practical question is now where to be authorised and for which services.